Acronym Definition
NQLC Network Quality Lab Center
NQLC Not Quite Legal Code
NQLC Network Quarter Life Crisis
NQLC Network Quarterlife Crisis
NQLC Normal Quaternary Linear Code
NQLC Network Quinte Labour Council
NQLC Network Quality Learning Center
Quality Management System (QMS) can be defined as a set of policies, processes
and procedures required for planning and execution (production / development /
service) in the core business area of an organization. QMS integrates the
various internal processes within the organization and intends to provide a
process approach for project execution. QMS enables the organizations to
identify, measure, control and improve the various core business processes that
will ultimately lead to improved business performance.
Concept of quality - historical background
The concept of quality as we think of it now first emerged out of the Industrial
Revolution. Previously goods had been made from start to finish by the same
person or team of people, with handcrafting and tweaking the product to meet
'quality criteria'. Mass production brought huge teams of people together to
work on specific stages of production where one person would not necessarily
complete a product from start to finish. In the late 1800s pioneers such as
Frederick Winslow Taylor and Henry Ford recognised the limitations of the
methods being used in mass production at the time and the subsequent varying
quality of output. Taylor established Quality Departments to oversee the quality
of production and rectifying of errors, and Ford emphasised standardisation of
design and component standards to ensure a standard product was produced.
Management of quality was the responsibility of the Quality department and was
implemented by Inspection of product output to 'catch defects.
Application of statistical control came later as a result of World War
production methods. Quality management systems are the outgrowth of work done by
W. Edwards Deming, a statistician, after whom the Deming Prize for quality is
named.
Quality, as a profession and the managerial process associated with the quality
function, was introduced during the second-half of the 20th century, and has
evolved since then. No other profession has seen as many changes as the quality
profession.
The quality profession grew from simple control, to engineering, to systems
engineering. Quality control activities were predominant in the 1940s, 1950s,
and 1960s. The 1970s were an era of quality engineering and the 1990s saw
quality systems as an emerging field. Like medicine, accounting, and
engineering, quality has achieved status as a recognized profession.
Quality system for medical devices
According to current Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), medical device
manufacturers should use good judgment when developing their quality system and
apply those sections of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Quality System
(QS) Regulation that are applicable to their specific products and operations,
21 CFR 820.5 of the QS regulation. Operating within this flexibility, it is the
responsibility of each manufacturer to establish requirements for each type or
family of devices that will result in devices that are safe and effective, and
to establish methods and procedures to design, produce, and distribute devices
that meet the quality system requirements.
FDA has identified in the QS regulation the essential elements that a quality
system shall embody for design, production and distribution, without prescribing
specific ways to establish these elements. Because the QS regulation covers a
broad spectrum of devices and production processes, it allows some leeway in the
details of quality system elements. It is left to manufacturers to determine the
necessity for, or extent of, some quality elements and to develop and implement
procedures tailored to their particular processes and devices. For example, if
it is impossible to mix up labels at a manufacturer because there is only one
label to each product, then there is no necessity for the manufacturer to comply
with all of the GMP requirements under device labeling.
Drug manufactures are regulated under a different section of the CFR: 21 CFR
211.
Quality management organizations and awards
The International Organization for Standardization's ISO 9000:2000 series
describes standards for a QMS addressing the principles and processes
surrounding the design, development and delivery of a general product or
service. Organisations can participate in a continuing certification process to
ISO 9001:2000 in order to demonstrate their compliance with the standard, which
includes a requirement for continual (i.e. planned) improvement of the QMS.
(ISO 9000:2000 provides guidance on Quality principles and on the common
language used by quality professionals. ISO 9004:2000 provides guidance on
improvement methods. It can be seen that neither of these standards can be used
for certification purposes as they provide guidance, not requirements).
The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award is a competition to identify and
recognize top-quality U.S. companies. This model addresses a broadly based range
of quality criteria, including commercial success and corporate leadership. Once
an organization has won the award it has to wait several years before being
eligible to apply again.
The European Foundation for Quality Management's EFQM Excellence Model supports
an award scheme similar to the Malcolm Baldrige Award for European companies.
In Canada, the National Quality Institute presents the 'Canada Awards for
Excellence' on an annual basis to organisations that have displayed outstanding
performance in the areas of Quality and Workplace Wellness, and have met the
Institute's criteria with documented overall achievements and results.
The Alliance for Performance Excellence is a network of state, local, and
international organizations that use the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award
criteria and model at the grassroots level to improve the performance of local
organizations and economies. NetworkforExcellence.org is the Alliance web site;
browsers can find Alliance members in their state and get the latest news and
events from the Baldrige community.
RuneScape is a Java-based
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more than one million paid member accounts, RuneScape is rated among the most
popular online games in the world. More than five million unique players access
their accounts to play RuneScape at least once per month. RuneScape offers both
free and subscription content and is designed to be accessible from any location
with an Internet connection and to run in an ordinary web browser without
straining system resources. One of the best website that discussed various
gamers' issues is IJFG.com IJFG.COM
Internet Junction For Gamers Internet Junction
For Gamers, Runescape Market and More IJFG.COM This site has Jokes, Pranks, Runescape and other cool games at IJFG.COM. RuneScape is set in a medieval
fantasy world, similar to "Guild Wars" or "EverQuest", where players control
character representations of themselves. As with most massive multiplayer online roleplaying games (MMORPG), there is no overall objective or end to the game.
Players explore, form alliances, perform optional tasks, and complete quests for
rewards and to build character's skills.
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RuneScape takes place in the fantasy-themed realm of Gielinor, which is divided
into several different kingdoms, regions, and areas. Players can travel
throughout the gaming world on foot, by using magical teleportation spells or
devices, or mechanical means of transportation. Each region offers different
types of monsters, materials, and quests to challenge players. Players are shown
on the screen as customisable avatars. They set their own goals and objectives,
deciding which of the available activities to pursue. There is no linear path
that must be followed. Players can engage in combat with other players or with
monsters, complete quests, or increase their experience in any of the available
skills. Players interact with each other through trading, chatting, or playing
combative or cooperative mini-games.
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IJFG.com
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